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　　When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.

　　A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.

　　Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.

　　Complaining is usually more effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo does not work".

　　The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' rights.

　　1. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to .

　　A) complain personally to the manager

　　B) threaten to take the matter to court

　　C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase

　　D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store

　　2. If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it's better to complain to .

　　A) a shop assistant C) the manufacturer

　　B) the store manager D) a public organization

　　3. The most effective complaint can be made by .

　　A) showing the faulty item to the manufacturer

　　B) explaining exactly what is wrong with the item

　　C) saying firmly that the item is of poor quality

　　D) asking politely to change the item

　　4. The phrase "live up to" (Para. 1, Line 2) in the context means .

　　A) meet the standard of C) fulfill the demands of

　　B) realize the purpose of D) keep the promise of